JavaScript Math object enables mathematical tasks on numbers.
The properties and methods of Math are static and can be called without creating the Math object.
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
| Math.abs(x) | Returns the absolute value of a number. |
| Math.acos(x) | Returns the arccosine of a number. |
| Math.acosh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic arccosine of a number. |
| Math.asin(x) | Returns the arcsine of a number. |
| Math.asinh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic arcsine of a number. |
| Math.atan(x) | Returns the arctangent of a number. |
| Math.atanh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic arctangent of a number. |
| Math.atan2(y, x) | Returns the arctangent of the quotient of its arguments. |
| Math.cbrt(x) | Returns the cube root of a number. |
| Math.ceil(x) | Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number. |
| Math.clz32(x) | Returns the number of leading zeroes of a 32-bit integer. |
| Math.cos(x) | Returns the cosine of a number. |
| Math.cosh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number. |
| Math.exp(x) | Returns Ex, where x is the argument, and E is Euler's constant (2.718…), the base of the natural logarithm. |
| Math.expm1(x) | Returns subtracting 1 from exp(x). |
| Math.floor(x) | Returns the largest integer less than or equal to a number. |
| Math.fround(x) | Returns the nearest single precision float representation of a number. |
| Math.hypot([x[, y[, …]]]) | Returns the square root of the sum of squares of its arguments. |
| Math.imul(x, y) | Returns the result of a 32-bit integer multiplication. |
| Math.log(x) | Returns the natural logarithm (loge, also ln) of a number. |
| Math.log1p(x) | Returns the natural logarithm (loge, also ln) of 1 + x for a number x. |
| Math.log10(x) | Returns the base 10 logarithm of a number. |
| Math.log2(x) | Returns the base 2 logarithm of a number. |
| Math.max([x[, y[, …]]]) | Returns the largest of zero or more numbers. |
| Math.min([x[, y[, …]]]) | Returns the smallest of zero or more numbers. |
| Math.pow(x, y) | Returns base to the exponent power, that is, baseexponent. |
| Math.random() | Returns a pseudo-random number between 0 and 1. |
| Math.round(x) | Returns the value of a number rounded to the nearest integer. |
| Math.sign(x) | Returns the sign of the x, indicating whether x is positive, negative or zero. |
| Math.sin(x) | Returns the sine of a number. |
| Math.sinh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number. |
| Math.sqrt(x) | Returns the positive square root of a number. |
| Math.tan(x) | Returns the tangent of a number. |
| Math.tanh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number. |
| Math.toSource() | Returns the string "Math". |
| Math.trunc(x) | Returns the integer part of the number x, removing any fractional digits. |
// Math.abs(x) returns the absolute (positive) value of x Math.abs(-3.14); // Returns 3.14 // Math.ceil(x) returns the value of x rounded up to its nearest integer Math.ceil(3.14); // Returns 4 // Math.cos(x) returns the cosine (a value between -1 and 1) of the angle x (given in radians). // Convert degrees to radians if you want to use degrees instead of radians, like this: // Angle in radians = Angle in degrees x PI / 180. Math.cos(0 * Math.PI / 180); // Returns 1 (the cos of 0 degrees) // Math.floor(x) returns the value of x rounded down to its nearest integer Math.floor(3.14); // Returns 3 // Math.max() is used to find the highest value in a list of arguments Math.max([x[, y[, �]]]) Math.min(920, 70, 30, 0, -15, -5); // Returns 920 // Math.min() is used to find the lowest value in a list of arguments Math.min(920, 70, 30, 0, -15, -5); // Returns -15 // Math.pow(x, y) returns the value of x to the power of y Math.pow(5, 2) // Returns 25 // Math.random() returns a random number between 0 (inclusive), and 1 (exclusive): Math.random(); // Returns a random number // Math.round(x) returns the value of x rounded to its nearest integer Math.round(3.14); // Returns 3 Math.round(3.7); // Returns 4 // Math.sin(x) returns the sine (a value between -1 and 1) of the angle x (given in radians). // Convert degrees to radians if you want to use degrees instead of radians, like this: // Angle in radians = Angle in degrees x PI / 180. Math.sin(90 * Math.PI / 180); // Returns 1 (the sine of 90 degrees) // Math.sqrt(x) returns the square root of x Math.sqrt(25); // Returns 5
Note that the trigonometric functions (sin(), cos(), tan(), asin(), acos(), atan(), atan2()) expect or return angles in radians. To convert radians to degrees, divide by (Math.PI / 180), and multiply by this to convert the other way.
Note that many math functions have a precision that's implementation-dependent. This means that different browsers can give a different result, and even the same JS engine on a different OS or architecture can give different results.
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Math.E | Euler's constant and the base of natural logarithms, approximately 2.718. |
| Math.LN2 | Natural logarithm of 2, approximately 0.693. |
| Math.LN10 | Natural logarithm of 10, approximately 2.303. |
| Math.LOG2E | Base 2 logarithm of E, approximately 1.443. |
| Math.LOG10E | Base 10 logarithm of E, approximately 0.434. |
| Math.PI | Ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, approximately 3.14159. |
| Math.SQRT1_2 | Square root of 1/2; equivalently, 1 over the square root of 2, approximately 0.707. |
| Math.SQRT2 | Square root of 2, approximately 1.414. |
Unlike other global objects, the Math object has no constructor. Methods and properties are static.
All methods and properties (constants) can be used without creating a Math object first.
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